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Capsicum annuum

Authority	L.
Family	Magnoliopsida:Asteridae:Solanales:Solanaceae
Synonyms	Capsicum annuum var. acuminatum Fingerh., Capsicum longum DC.
Common names	chili pepper, filfil ahmar, green pepper, hsiung-ya-li-chiao, lajiao, paprika, peperone, pimentao, pimenton, poivre de Guinee, polo papalagi, polo ula, spaanse peper, spansk peppar, struchkovy pyerets, sweet pepper, togarashi
Editor
Ecocrop code	618

Notes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION An upright, herbaceous bush reaching 60-150 cm in height normally with glabrous foliage, simple leaves, falsely dichotomous branching, edible fruits of varying shapes, size, and colour. USES The fruits are used fresh in salads, are stuffed or baked, added to soups and stews, dried and used as culinary seasoning, or pickled. The leaves make a good spinach dish. GROWING PERIOD Behave as a perennial in the tropics an as an annual in temperate areas. It is a warm season crop. Seed germinate 6-21 days after sowing, continuous flowering begins after 60-90 days, and the fruit can be harvested after 60-180 days. COMMON NAMES Sweet pepper, Green pepper, Capsicum, Bell pepper, Red pepper, Chili, Chilli, Cherry pepper, Paprika, Pimento, Long pepper, Cayenne pepper, Bird pepper, Capsicum pepper, Piment, Pimento enrage, Piment z'oiseau, Spanish pfeffer, Roter pfeffer, Beissbeere, Piment poivron, Aji pimiento, Spaanse peper, Mirch, Lombok, T`im tsiu, Berbere, Schirba, Mitmita, Karya, Afrindschi, Filfil-ghedut, Ademedda, Felfel, Piper, Pippuri, Poivron, Barkono, Tattasai, Peperoni, Papryka, Perets, Mpilipile, Piber, Phrik yuak, Lada merah, Lombok, Sili. FURTHER INF Scientific synonyms: C. frutescens, C. abyssinicum. Sweet pepper probably originated from Central and South America. In the tropics and subtropics altitudes up to 1500-2500 m or even 3000 m are usually suitable for sweet pepper production. Humidity should be moderate to high, low humidity especially combined with high temperatures may reduce fruit set. Cooler night temperatures down to 15°C favour fruit setting, although flowering will be delayed as temperatures drop below 25°C, and flowers may not develop if night temperatures rise above 30°C. Strong dry winds at the time of flowering or fruiting or heavy rain during crop growth can be harmfull. A daylength of above 15 hours will increase the time taken to the flowering stage. Yields of up to 10-20 t/ha or 1-2 kg/m˝ may be obtained, but yields may be much lower.
Sources
SOURCES (C. annuum L.) Tindall H 1983 pp 347-352 [FER, TEXT, DRA, PH, TEMP, RAIN, PHO] Kassam A 1976 pp 85 Landon J 1984 pp 285 287 290 [TEMP, PHO, KTMP, TEXT, PH, SAL] Doorenbos J 1979 pp 115 Hartmann T 1981 pp 542-544 [TEMP, KTMP, TEXT, PH] Eswaran H 1986 Hackett C 1982 pp 11 [FER, PHO, DEP, PH, TEXT, TEMP] Purseglove J 1981 pp 331-439 [KTMP, TEMP, LIMIT, RAIN, DRA, FER, TEXT, PH] Jansen P 1981 pp 38-55 [TEMP, PHO, RAIN, DRA, TEXT, PH] Roecklein J 1987 pp 400 [USE] Small E (pers. comm.) Pruthi J 1993 pp 180-243 IBPGR 1891 pp 30-31 Rice R 1990 pp 268-270 [FER, TEXT, DRA, PH, TEMP, RAIN] Martin F 1984 pp 215-218 [TEMP, RAIN, PHO, TEXT, FER, USE] Siemonsma J 1993 pp 136-140 [PHO, TEMP, LIG, DRA, TEXT, PH, RAIN, TEMP, USE]