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Canavalia ensiformis

Authority	L.
Family	Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae
Synonyms	Canavalia ensifolia (in N.I. Vavilof: "Five Continents"), Canavalia ensiformis (DC.) Makino, Canavalia gladiata DC. var. ensiformis DC., Dolichos ensiformis L.
Common names	bai dao dou, bean-jack, Brazilian broad bean, coffee bean, da dao dou, dao dou, ensiform bean, feijao de porco, feijão espada, fève jacques, frijol papa, haricot de Madagascar, haricot sabre, haricot sabre à grain blanc, horse bean, horse gram, jack bean, jackbohne, jackbønne, kara bendo, kumanda guazú, Madagaskarbohne, mole bean, papa, Patagonian bean, pois sabre, schwertbohne, shiro nata mame, sword bean, tachinata mame, tsurunachinata mame, yang dao dou, zwaardboon
Editor
Ecocrop code	609

Notes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION A bushy or climbing, erect, herbaceous legume normally reaching 0.5-2 m in height, but it can become 10 m long. USES Grown for its young pods and green seeds, eaten as a vegetable, and used as a green manure. It has little value as fodder and is palatable only after drying. It has medicinal properties. KILLING T The foliage may not tolerate frosts, but the beans themselves remain unaffected. GROWING PERIOD Annual or short-lived perennial somewhat shrubby or climbing herb. Green pods can be harvested after 80-120 days, and mature seed after 180-300 days. (Monegat; spring sown in Brazil it provides groundcover in 50-70 days, flowers after 60-90 days, and mature in 80-120 days). COMMON NAMES Jack bean, Horse bean, Sword bean, Overlook bean, Abai, Awara, Bara sem, Baran chaki, Chickasaw Lima, Cut-eye bean, Dir-daguer, Feijao de porco, Feve Jack, Gisima, Goa bean, Gotani bean, Grudege pea, Haba blanca, Haricot sabre, Pois sabre, Haba de burro, Judia sable, Abai, Bara sem, Vella tamma, Vellai tambatti, Dwara, Kachang parang puteh, Pe-dalet, Goa bean, Habas, Magtambokan, Marutong, Pataning-espada, Pataning Espana, Baran chaki, Popondo, Poponla, Grud bean, Maljoe, Feijao de porco, Puakani, Thua khaek, Kacang parang, Kacang pedang, Pataning dogat. FURTHER INF Scientific synonym: C. gladiata var. ensiformis. Dolichos ensiformis. Jack bean is indigenous to drought-ridden regions of Arizona and Mexico. In the tropics it can be found at elevations between sea level and 1500 m. Optimum yield is 5.4 t/ha of dry seed, while the average yield is about 1.3 t/ha. 40-50 t/ha of green manure/green vegetation can be obtained and dry matter yields may be up to 23 t/ha. Toxicity may occur in cattle grazing jack bean aftermath and consuming too much seed meal.
Sources
Grassland Index Roecklein J 1987 pp 491 [USE, RAIN, LIG, DRA] Kay D 1979 pp 197-204 [TEMP, KTMP, LIG, RAIN, TEXT, PH, PHO] Duke J 1975 pp 10 [USE] Tindall H 1983 pp 257 [DEP, LIG, TEXT, FER, PH, TEMP, RAIN, PHO] Duke J 1981 pp 39-41 317 [DRA, SAL, PHO, RAIN, TEMP, DEP, TEXT, PH, LIG] Monegat C 1991 pp 120 Mannetje L 1992 pp 74-77 [RAIN, LIG, TEXT, PH, FER, SAL, DRA] National RC 1979 pp 54 IBPGR 1891 pp 28-29 Skerman P 1988 pp 229-230 [DRA, LIMIT]